COASY

Coenzyme A (CoA) functions as a carrier of acetyl and acyl groups in cells and thus plays an important role in numerous synthetic and degradative metabolic pathways in all organisms. In eukaryotes, CoA and its derivatives are also involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction. This gene encodes the bifunctional protein coenzyme A synthase (CoAsy) which carries out the last two steps in the biosynthesis of CoA from pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). The phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase domain of this bifunctional protein catalyzes the conversion of 4'-phosphopantetheine into dephospho-coenzyme A (dpCoA) while its dephospho-CoA kinase domain completes the final step by phosphorylating dpCoA to form CoA. Mutations in this gene are associated with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Alternative splicing results in multiple isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
Diseases associated with COASY include Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation 6 and Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia, Type 12. Among its related pathways are Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors and coenzyme A biosynthesis. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include dephospho-CoA kinase activity and pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is DCAKD.
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the fourth and fifth sequential steps of CoA biosynthetic pathway.
The fourth reaction is catalyzed by the phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase, coded by the coaD domain; the fifth reaction is catalyzed by the dephospho-CoA kinase, coded by the coaE domain.
May act as a point of CoA biosynthesis regulation.
Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269 PubMed:24360804}4
Mitochondrion matrix {ECO:0000269 PubMed:24360804}5
Note: The protein is mainly present in the mitochondrial matrix, probably anchored to the inner mitochondrial membrane, but is also present in cell lysate {ECO:0000269 PubMed:24360804}